Russian
Vocabulary
Curated lemmas with frequency rank, full sense glosses, register notes, and false-friend warnings. Searchable; filter by CEFR or part of speech.
Items60curated lemmas
High frequency31rank ≤ 500
False friends4watch-outs
CEFR
POS
60 of 60 results
A1interjection#180
hola
hello; hi (universal, neutral register)
Hola, ¿cómo estás?
Hello, how are you?
register · casual
greetinghigh-frequencysocial
A1phrase#320
buenos días
good morning (used until roughly 12:00)
Buenos días, profesora.
Good morning, professor.
register · formal
greetingformulahigh-frequency
A1interjection#290
gracias
thank you; thanks
Muchas gracias por todo.
Many thanks for everything.
politenessformula
A1phrase#380
por favor
please
Un café, por favor.
A coffee, please.
politenessformula
A1verb#5
ser
to be (intrinsic identity, origin, time, profession)
Soy de Madrid.
I am from Madrid.
copulairregularcore-verbhigh-frequency
A1verb#18
estar
to be (state, location, ongoing condition)
Estoy cansado.
I am tired.
copulairregularcore-verbhigh-frequency
A1verb#22
tener
to have; to possess
Tengo dos hermanas.
I have two sisters.
irregularcore-verbhigh-frequency
A1verb#30
ir
to go
Voy al mercado.
I am going to the market.
irregularcore-verbmotion
A1verb#41
hacer
to do; to make
Hago la tarea por la noche.
I do the homework at night.
irregularcore-verbhigh-frequency
A1numeral#95
uno
one
Tengo un libro.
I have one book.
numbercardinal
A1numeral#110
dos
two
Dos cafés con leche.
Two coffees with milk.
numbercardinal
A1numeral#320
diez
ten
Tengo diez años.
I am ten years old.
numbercardinal
A1numeral#410
cien
one hundred
Cien euros, por favor.
One hundred euros, please.
numbercardinal
A1noun#280
madre
mother
Mi madre es profesora.
My mother is a teacher.
familyfeminine
A1noun#260
padre
father
Mi padre trabaja en un banco.
My father works at a bank.
familymasculine
A1noun#470
hermano
brother (feminine 'hermana' = sister)
Mi hermano mayor vive en Lima.
My older brother lives in Lima.
familygendered
A1noun#400
agua
water
Bebo agua todos los días.
I drink water every day.
food-drinkfemininehigh-frequency
A1noun#880
pan
bread
Compro pan en la panadería.
I buy bread at the bakery.
food-drinkmasculine
A1noun#1100
café
coffee; coffee shop
¿Quieres un café?
Do you want a coffee?
food-drinkmasculine
A1noun#1240
lunes
Monday
El lunes tengo clase.
On Monday I have class.
calendarday-of-weekmasculine
A1noun#1810
viernes
Friday
Hoy es viernes.
Today is Friday.
calendarday-of-weekmasculine
A1noun#1500
enero
January
En enero hace frío.
In January it is cold.
calendarmonthmasculine
A1noun#240
casa
house; home
Estoy en casa.
I am at home.
placefemininehigh-frequency
A1noun#530
libro
book
Leo un libro interesante.
I am reading an interesting book.
False friend
Looks like library — but: 'Librería' = bookshop, NOT library. The Spanish for 'library' is 'biblioteca'.
objectmasculineacademic
A1adjective#110
bueno
good
Es un buen libro.
It is a good book.
adjectivehigh-frequencyevaluative
A2verb#130
hablar
to speak; to talk
Hablo español y un poco de italiano.
I speak Spanish and a little Italian.
regular-arcommunicationhigh-frequency
A2verb#350
comer
to eat; (in Spain) to have lunch
Comemos a las dos.
We eat (lunch) at two.
regular-erfood-drink
A2verb#220
vivir
to live
Vivo en Buenos Aires.
I live in Buenos Aires.
regular-ircore-verb
A2verb#580
fui
I went / I was (preterite of both 'ir' and 'ser')
Ayer fui al cine.
Yesterday I went to the cinema.
preteriteirregularcore-verb
A2verb#1200
tuve
I had (preterite of 'tener')
Tuve que estudiar toda la noche.
I had to study all night.
preteriteirregularstrong-preterite
A2verb#1750
pude
I could / I managed to (preterite of 'poder')
No pude llegar a tiempo.
I couldn't arrive on time.
preteriteirregularstrong-preteritemodal
A2adverb#760
cerca
near; nearby
Vivo cerca de la universidad.
I live near the university.
locationpreposition-like
A2adverb#980
lejos
far; far away
El aeropuerto está lejos del centro.
The airport is far from the centre.
locationpreposition-like
A2adverb#2100
debajo
underneath; below
El gato está debajo de la mesa.
The cat is underneath the table.
locationpreposition-like
A2adverb#1850
encima
on top of; above
El libro está encima de la mesa.
The book is on top of the table.
locationpreposition-like
A2verb#2400
llover
to rain (used impersonally: 'llueve' = it rains)
Llueve mucho en abril.
It rains a lot in April.
weatherstem-changingimpersonal
A2adjective#6500
soleado
sunny
Hoy está soleado.
Today it is sunny.
weatheradjective
A2noun#720
frío
cold (noun: 'el frío'; adjective: 'frío/fría')
Hace mucho frío hoy.
It is very cold today.
weathernoun-and-adjective
A2adjective#1340
bonito
pretty; nice; cute
Tu vestido es muy bonito.
Your dress is very pretty.
adjectiveevaluativecommon
A2adjective#195
grande
big; large; (before noun) great
Es una casa grande.
It is a large house.
adjectivesizehigh-frequency
A2adjective#480
pequeño
small; little
Mi apartamento es pequeño.
My apartment is small.
adjectivesizehigh-frequency
A2adjective#990
rápido
fast; quick (also functions as adverb 'quickly')
Es un tren rápido.
It is a fast train.
adjectivespeed
A2noun#4100
librería
bookshop; bookstore
Compré la novela en la librería.
I bought the novel at the bookshop.
False friend
Looks like library — but: False friend! 'Librería' is a bookshop. The English 'library' is 'biblioteca'.
placefemininefalse-friend
A2adjective#5200
embarazada
pregnant
Mi hermana está embarazada de cinco meses.
My sister is five months pregnant.
False friend
Looks like embarrassed — but: Notorious false friend. 'Embarazada' means PREGNANT, never embarrassed. For 'embarrassed' use 'avergonzado/a'.
adjectivefalse-friendbody
A2adjective#290
importante
important
Es importante estudiar todos los días.
It is important to study every day.
adjectiveevaluativeacademic
B1conjunction#410
aunque
although; even though; even if
Aunque llueva, iremos al parque.
Even if it rains, we'll go to the park.
conjunctionsubjunctive-triggerconcessive
B1phrase#980
sin embargo
however; nevertheless
El plan era ambicioso. Sin embargo, fracasó.
The plan was ambitious. However, it failed.
register · academic
connectivecontrastiveacademicdiscourse-marker
B1phrase#2300
no obstante
nevertheless; notwithstanding
Las pruebas son escasas; no obstante, la conclusión es plausible.
The evidence is scarce; nevertheless, the conclusion is plausible.
register · academic
connectivecontrastiveacademicformal
B1conjunction#1450
mientras que
whereas; while (in contrast)
Madrid es la capital, mientras que Barcelona es la segunda ciudad.
Madrid is the capital, whereas Barcelona is the second city.
register · academic
conjunctioncontrastiveacademic
B1phrase#1900
por lo tanto
therefore; consequently
El experimento falló; por lo tanto, los datos no son concluyentes.
The experiment failed; therefore, the data are not conclusive.
register · academic
connectiveconsequenceacademic
B1adverb#1320
quizás
perhaps; maybe
Quizás venga mañana.
Perhaps he will come tomorrow.
adverbmodalitysubjunctive-trigger
B1interjection#2900
ojalá
I hope; I wish; (lit.) may God will
Ojalá venga a la fiesta.
I hope he comes to the party.
interjectionsubjunctive-triggeretymology-arabic
B1noun#850
libertad
freedom; liberty
La libertad de expresión es un derecho fundamental.
Freedom of expression is a fundamental right.
register · academic
abstract-nounfeminineacademiccivic
B1noun#360
derecho
right (entitlement); law (as a discipline); straight (adverbial)
Tengo derecho a una respuesta.
I have a right to an answer.
register · academic
abstract-nounmasculinelegalacademic
B1noun#470
desarrollo
development
El desarrollo sostenible es urgente.
Sustainable development is urgent.
register · academic
abstract-nounmasculineacademic
B1noun#1100
éxito
success
La obra fue un gran éxito.
The play was a great success.
False friend
Looks like exit — but: False friend. 'Éxito' means SUCCESS, not exit. The Spanish for 'exit' is 'salida'.
abstract-nounmasculinefalse-friend
B1verb#480
suponer
to suppose; to assume; to imply
Supongo que vendrá pronto.
I suppose he will come soon.
verbirregularcognitionsubjunctive-trigger
B1verb#350
conseguir
to obtain; to manage to; to achieve
Conseguí entradas para el concierto.
I managed to get tickets for the concert.
verbstem-changingachievement
B1verb#230
deber
should; must; to owe
Debes estudiar más.
You should study more.
verbmodalobligation
B1verb#1430
dudar
to doubt
Dudo que sea verdad.
I doubt that it is true.
verbregular-arsubjunctive-triggerepistemic